Cool Edm Solutions pictures

Some cool edm services photos:

The small mermaid and Refshaleoen Copenhagen 20130420_007

Image by News Oresund
Den lille havfrue i Københavns havn i förgrunden (forground the little mermaid, Copenhagen harbour). I bakgrunden till vänster syns Refshaleøen som ska för vandlas till Eurovision Island (background to the left: Refshaleøen).
Refshaleøen, Copenhagen harbour, Eurovision Island 2014 – Eurovision Song Contest.
Wikipedia: On 2 September 2013, Danmarks Radio (DR) announced that the Eurovision Song Contest 2014 will take place at B&ampW Hallerne. The surrounding location will be transformed into Eurovision Island, an Olympic Park style complicated which will home amenities and the Press Centre for the entirety of the contest.[6]
Refshaleøen, originally an island in its own proper but now annexed to the larger island of Amager, is a former industrial web site in the harbor of Copenhagen, Denmark. For much more than a hundred years, it was residence to the shipyard Burmeister &amp Wain which closed in 1996.
Refshaleøen is often utilised as a venue for events and festivals. In 2013, I 2013 the area played host to the heavy metal festival Copenhell, the electronic music festival EDM 2013, Scandinavian Reggae Festival, MAD Food Symposium (element of Copenhagen Cooking), Refshalen Music Festival and Asteroiden theatre festival.
Site surface region is approx. 500,000 sqm. Given that the shipyard’s bankruptcy in 1996, the region has undergone substantial adjustments. The abandoned buildings are now property to a mixture of inventive entrepreneurs, tiny craft, flea markets, storage facilities and cultural and recreational makes use of.
The residents incorporate Asterions Husm a theatre, AMASS,[three] a restaurant opened by Mathew Orlando, former head chef at Noma,[4] the art gallery YARD and the inventive neighborhood Skabelonloftet.[five]
Since April 2011 there are once again both at the old shipyard. Copenhagen Yacht Solutions has opened the first Danish Yacht garage on the island – an indoor Marina for motorboats on the American model..[2]
The private spaceflight company Copenhagen Suborbitals operates on Refshaleøen.

Photo: News Øresund – Johan Wessman
© News Øresund
Detta verk av News Øresund är licensierat below en Creative Commons Erkännande three. Unported-licens (CC BY 3.). Bilden får fritt publiceras beneath förutsättning att källa anges (Foto: News Øresund + fotografnamn).
The picture can be employed freely beneath the prerequisite that the source is provided .
News Øresund, Malmö, Sweden.
&lta href=&quothttp://www.newsoresund.org&quot rel=&quotnofollow&quot&gtwww.newsoresund.org&lt/a&gt.
News Øresund är en oberoende regional nyhetsbyrå som ingår i projektet Øresund Media Platform som drivs av Øresundsinstituttet i partnerskap med Lunds universitet och Roskilde Universitet och med delfinansiering från EU (Interreg IV A Öresund) och 14 regionala icke kommersiella aktörer.

APO Nationals 2008 – CRC project

Image by jtu

Scouts lined up

Image by stepol

Cool Machining Suppliers pictures

Verify out these machining suppliers photos:

Puch MV50 Steyr Daimler moped (1980)

Image by British Postal Museum & Archive
In the 1970s, the bigger suppliers of motorcycles to the Post Office steadily gave way to other makes such as Puch, Honda and Kawasaki.

Puch mopeds have been used in little numbers for each Telegram and letter delivery operate. Its small size created it most suitable for low volume deliveries in towns and rural locations.

The machine on show was used at the Northern District Office, London (primarily based at Finsbury Park).

For far more info on this exhibition please go to our website

BSA C10

Image by British Postal Museum & Archive
Following Planet War I the Post Workplace started to obtain the more effective motorcycles then offered. The commence of the 1920s was the starting of The Post Office’s motor transport scheme, during which it bought Matchless, Triumph, Enfield, Douglas, Clyno and Chater Lea motorcycles. 1 of the biggest suppliers of machines to the Post Workplace was BSA.

Combination machines (with sidecars), although much more costly to operate had been frequently utilized each for delivery and collection function. Regardless of this, solo machines such as the BSA C10 were ideally suited for the solo delivery of mail and for telegram function.

This machine is one of the couple of wartime purchases created by the Post Workplace. The continuation of an efficient mail service in the course of the war years was important both as a indicates of communication and to boost morale. In the course of Globe War II this motorcycle would have been fitted with a hooded headlight to conform to wartime blackout regulations.

For much more info on this exhibition please check out our web site

FLOOR CLEANING MACHINE – Supplies of floors cleaning machine (flooring) at Pulire 2013

Image by КИИТ
Suppliers of floor cleaning machine and sweppers. Mach is synonymous with producing high quality firm specializing in rental and sale of motorized ideal according to your particular wants. PULIRE 2013 – это международная выставка машин, клинингового оборудования, изделий и систем для индустриальной очистки и клининга. В английской версии – International Exhibition of Machines, Equipments, Merchandise and Systems for Industrial Cleaning. Уборочная техника и оборудование для клининга от ведущих мировых производителей KARCHER, LAVORPRO, FIMAP, COMAC, COLUMBUS. Мы являемся официальными дилерами и дистрибьюторами COMAC в России, FIMAP (Италия), LAVORPRO (Италия). Специальные предложения для клининговых компаний мы осуществляем сервис, ремонт, поставляем запчасти и расходники следующих производителей: Fimap, Kаrcher, COMAC, HAKO, Nilfisk, IPC, Lavor PRO, Columbus, Delvir, Cleanfix, Taski, Tennant Мы работаем по всей России: Москва, Санкт-Петербург, Новосибирск, Екатеринбург, Нижний Новгород, Самара, Омск, Казань, Челябинск, Ростов-на-Дону, Уфа, Волгоград, Пермь, Красноярск, Саратов, Воронеж, Краснодар, Тольятти, Барнаул, Ижевск, Ульяновск, Ярославль, Владивосток, Иркутск, Хабаровск, Новокузнецк, Тюмень, Оренбург, Кемерово, Рязань, Пенза, Тула, Набережные Челны, Астрахань и др. города России. Узнай больше www.kiit.ru/uborochnaya-texnika-i-oborudovanie.html# на сайте ЗАО &quotКомпания инноваций и технологий&quot

Cool Wire Cutting Services pictures

Check out these wire cutting services images:

Banksy in Boston: F̶O̶L̶L̶O̶W̶ ̶Y̶O̶U̶R̶ ̶D̶R̶E̶A̶M̶S̶ CANCELLED, Essex St, Chinatown, Boston

Image by Chris Devers
Interestingly, both of the Boston area Banksy pieces are on Essex St:

F̶O̶L̶L̶O̶W̶ ̶Y̶O̶U̶R̶ ̶D̶R̶E̶A̶M̶S̶ CANCELLED (aka chimney sweep) in Chinatown, Boston
NO LOITRIN in Central Square, Cambridge.

Does that mean anything? It looks like he favors Essex named streets & roads when he can. In 2008, he did another notable Essex work in London, for example, and posters on the Banksy Forums picked up & discussed on the Essex link as well.

Is there an Essex Street in any of the other nearby towns? It looks like there are several: Brookline, Charlestown, Chelsea, Gloucester, Haverhill, Lawrence, Lynn, Medford, Melrose, Quincy, Revere, Salem, Saugus, Somerville, Swampscott, and Waltham. Most of these seem improbable to me, other than maybe Brookline, or maybe Somerville or Charlestown. But they start getting pretty suburban after that.

But, again, why "Essex"? In a comment on this photo, Birbeck helps clarify:

I can only surmise that he’s having a ‘dig’ at Essex UK, especially with the misspelling of ‘Loitering’. Here, the general view of the urban districts in Essex: working class but with right wing views; that they’re not the most intellectual bunch; rather obsessed with fashion (well, their idea of it); their place of worship is the shopping mall; enjoy rowdy nights out; girls are thought of as being dumb, fake blonde hair/tans and promiscuous; and guys are good at the ‘chit chat’, and swagger around showing off their dosh (money).

It was also the region that once had Europe’s largest Ford motor factory. In its heyday, 1 in 3 British cars were made in Dagenham, Essex. Pay was good for such unskilled labour, generations worked mind-numbing routines on assembly lines for 80 years. In 2002 the recession ended the dream.

• • • • •

Meredith Goldsten of the Boston Globe wrote to me on Facebook and asked for permission to run one of my Banksy photos in the newspaper, which I granted. Supposedly, this photo or one of the others I took appeared in the Globe on 15 May 2010, but I haven’t been able to find it. The online version of that day’s article, titled Tag — we’re it: Banksy, the controversial and elusive street artist, left his mark here. Or did he? uses a photo taken by "Essdras M. Suarez / Globe Staff". If I can find a copy of that day’s paper and verify that one of my Banksy photos was in there, I’ll scan the page & post a copy here 🙂

• This photo appeared on Grafitti – A arte das ruas on Yahoo Meme. Yes, Yahoo has a Tumblr/Posterous-esque "Meme" service now — I was as surprised as you are.

• This photo also appeared on Love Your Chaos on Tumblr, among other blogs. Thanks!

• • • • •

Banksy
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Banksy
Birth name
Unknown

Born
1974 or 1975 (1974 or 1975), Bristol, UK[1]

Nationality
British

Field
Graffiti
Street Art
Bristol underground scene
Sculpture

Movement
Anti-Totalitarianism
Anti-capitalism
Pacifism
Anti-War
Anarchism
Atheism
Anti-Fascism

Works
Naked Man Image
One Nation Under CCTV
Anarchist Rat
Ozone’s Angel
Pulp Fiction

Banksy is a pseudonymous[2][3][4] British graffiti artist. He is believed to be a native of Yate, South Gloucestershire, near Bristol[2] and to have been born in 1974,[5] but his identity is unknown.[6] According to Tristan Manco[who?], Banksy "was born in 1974 and raised in Bristol, England. The son of a photocopier technician, he trained as a butcher but became involved in graffiti during the great Bristol aerosol boom of the late 1980s."[7] His artworks are often satirical pieces of art on topics such as politics, culture, and ethics. His street art, which combines graffiti writing with a distinctive stencilling technique, is similar to Blek le Rat, who began to work with stencils in 1981 in Paris and members of the anarcho-punk band Crass who maintained a graffiti stencil campaign on the London Tube System in the late 1970s and early 1980s. His art has appeared in cities around the world.[8] Banksy’s work was born out of the Bristol underground scene which involved collaborations between artists and musicians.

Banksy does not sell photos of street graffiti.[9] Art auctioneers have been known to attempt to sell his street art on location and leave the problem of its removal in the hands of the winning bidder.[10]

Banksy’s first film, Exit Through The Gift Shop, billed as "the world’s first street art disaster movie", made its debut at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival.[11] The film was released in the UK on March 5.[12]

Contents

1 Career
•• 1.1 2000
•• 1.2 2002
•• 1.3 2003
•• 1.4 2004
•• 1.5 2005
•• 1.6 2006
•• 1.7 2007
•• 1.8 2008
•• 1.9 2009
•• 1.10 2010
2 Notable art pieces
3 Technique
4 Identity
5 Controversy
6 Bibliography
7 References
8 External links

Career

Banksy started as a freehand graffiti artist 1992–1994[14] as one of Bristol’s DryBreadZ Crew (DBZ), with Kato and Tes.[15] He was inspired by local artists and his work was part of the larger Bristol underground scene. From the start he used stencils as elements of his freehand pieces, too.[14] By 2000 he had turned to the art of stencilling after realising how much less time it took to complete a piece. He claims he changed to stencilling whilst he was hiding from the police under a train carriage, when he noticed the stencilled serial number[16] and by employing this technique, he soon became more widely noticed for his art around Bristol and London.[16]

Stencil on the waterline of The Thekla, an entertainment boat in central Bristol – (wider view). The image of Death is based on a 19th century etching illustrating the pestilence of The Great Stink.[17]

Banksy’s stencils feature striking and humorous images occasionally combined with slogans. The message is usually anti-war, anti-capitalist or anti-establishment. Subjects often include rats, monkeys, policemen, soldiers, children, and the elderly.

In late 2001, on a trip to Sydney and Melbourne, Australia, he met up with the Gen-X pastellist, visual activist, and recluse James DeWeaver in Byron Bay[clarification needed], where he stencilled a parachuting rat with a clothes peg on its nose above a toilet at the Arts Factory Lodge. This stencil can no longer be located. He also makes stickers (the Neighbourhood Watch subvert) and sculpture (the murdered phone-box), and was responsible for the cover art of Blur’s 2003 album Think Tank.

2000

The album cover for Monk & Canatella‘s Do Community Service was conceived and illustrated by Banksy, based on his contribution to the "Walls on fire" event in Bristol 1998.[18][citation needed]

2002

On 19 July 2002, Banksy’s first Los Angeles exhibition debuted at 33 1/3 Gallery, a small Silverlake venue owned by Frank Sosa. The exhibition, entitled Existencilism, was curated by 33 1/3 Gallery, Malathion, Funk Lazy Promotions, and B+.[19]

2003

In 2003 in an exhibition called Turf War, held in a warehouse, Banksy painted on animals. Although the RSPCA declared the conditions suitable, an animal rights activist chained herself to the railings in protest.[20] He later moved on to producing subverted paintings; one example is Monet‘s Water Lily Pond, adapted to include urban detritus such as litter and a shopping trolley floating in its reflective waters; another is Edward Hopper‘s Nighthawks, redrawn to show that the characters are looking at a British football hooligan, dressed only in his Union Flag underpants, who has just thrown an object through the glass window of the cafe. These oil paintings were shown at a twelve-day exhibition in Westbourne Grove, London in 2005.[21]

2004

In August 2004, Banksy produced a quantity of spoof British £10 notes substituting the picture of the Queen’s head with Princess Diana‘s head and changing the text "Bank of England" to "Banksy of England." Someone threw a large wad of these into a crowd at Notting Hill Carnival that year, which some recipients then tried to spend in local shops. These notes were also given with invitations to a Santa’s Ghetto exhibition by Pictures on Walls. The individual notes have since been selling on eBay for about £200 each. A wad of the notes were also thrown over a fence and into the crowd near the NME signing tent at The Reading Festival. A limited run of 50 signed posters containing ten uncut notes were also produced and sold by Pictures on Walls for £100 each to commemorate the death of Princess Diana. One of these sold in October 2007 at Bonhams auction house in London for £24,000.

2005

In August 2005, Banksy, on a trip to the Palestinian territories, created nine images on Israel’s highly controversial West Bank barrier. He reportedly said "The Israeli government is building a wall surrounding the occupied Palestinian territories. It stands three times the height of the Berlin Wall and will eventually run for over 700km—the distance from London to Zurich. "[22]

2006

• Banksy held an exhibition called Barely Legal, billed as a "three day vandalised warehouse extravaganza" in Los Angeles, on the weekend of 16 September. The exhibition featured a live "elephant in a room", painted in a pink and gold floral wallpaper pattern.[23]
• After Christina Aguilera bought an original of Queen Victoria as a lesbian and two prints for £25,000,[24] on 19 October 2006 a set of Kate Moss paintings sold in Sotheby’s London for £50,400, setting an auction record for Banksy’s work. The six silk-screen prints, featuring the model painted in the style of Andy Warhol‘s Marilyn Monroe pictures, sold for five times their estimated value. His stencil of a green Mona Lisa with real paint dripping from her eyes sold for £57,600 at the same auction.[25]
• In December, journalist Max Foster coined the phrase, "the Banksy Effect", to illustrate how interest in other street artists was growing on the back of Banksy’s success.[26]

2007

• On 21 February 2007, Sotheby’s auction house in London auctioned three works, reaching the highest ever price for a Banksy work at auction: over £102,000 for his Bombing Middle England. Two of his other graffiti works, Balloon Girl and Bomb Hugger, sold for £37,200 and £31,200 respectively, which were well above their estimated prices.[27] The following day’s auction saw a further three Banksy works reach soaring prices: Ballerina With Action Man Parts reached £96,000; Glory sold for £72,000; Untitled (2004) sold for £33,600; all significantly above estimated values.[28] To coincide with the second day of auctions, Banksy updated his website with a new image of an auction house scene showing people bidding on a picture that said, "I Can’t Believe You Morons Actually Buy This Shit."[6]
• In February 2007, the owners of a house with a Banksy mural on the side in Bristol decided to sell the house through Red Propeller art gallery after offers fell through because the prospective buyers wanted to remove the mural. It is listed as a mural which comes with a house attached.[29]
• In April 2007, Transport for London painted over Banksy’s iconic image of a scene from Quentin Tarantino‘s Pulp Fiction, with Samuel L. Jackson and John Travolta clutching bananas instead of guns. Although the image was very popular, Transport for London claimed that the "graffiti" created "a general atmosphere of neglect and social decay which in turn encourages crime" and their staff are "professional cleaners not professional art critics".[30] Banksy tagged the same site again (pictured at right). This time the actors were portrayed as holding real guns instead of bananas, but they were adorned with banana costumes. Banksy made a tribute art piece over this second Pulp Fiction piece. The tribute was for 19-year-old British graffiti artist Ozone, who was hit by an underground train in Barking, East London, along with fellow artist Wants, on 12 January 2007.[31] The piece was of an angel wearing a bullet-proof vest, holding a skull. He also wrote a note on his website, saying:

The last time I hit this spot I painted a crap picture of two men in banana costumes waving hand guns. A few weeks later a writer called Ozone completely dogged it and then wrote ‘If it’s better next time I’ll leave it’ in the bottom corner. When we lost Ozone we lost a fearless graffiti writer and as it turns out a pretty perceptive art critic. Ozone – rest in peace.[citation needed]

Ozone’s Angel

• On 27 April 2007, a new record high for the sale of Banksy’s work was set with the auction of the work Space Girl & Bird fetching £288,000 (US6,000), around 20 times the estimate at Bonhams of London.[32]
• On 21 May 2007 Banksy gained the award for Art’s Greatest living Briton. Banksy, as expected, did not turn up to collect his award, and continued with his notoriously anonymous status.
• On 4 June 2007, it was reported that Banksy’s The Drinker had been stolen.[33][34]
• In October 2007, most of his works offered for sale at Bonhams auction house in London sold for more than twice their reserve price.[35]

• Banksy has published a "manifesto" on his website.[36] The text of the manifesto is credited as the diary entry of one Lieutenant Colonel Mervin Willett Gonin, DSO, which is exhibited in the Imperial War Museum. It describes how a shipment of lipstick to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp immediately after its liberation at the end of World War II helped the internees regain their humanity. However, as of 18 January 2008, Banksy’s Manifesto has been substituted with Graffiti Heroes #03 that describes Peter Chappell’s graffiti quest of the 1970s that worked to free George Davis of his imprisonment.[37] By 12 August 2009 he was relying on Emo Phillips’ "When I was a kid I used to pray every night for a new bicycle. Then I realised God doesn’t work that way, so I stole one and prayed for forgiveness."
• A small number of Banksy’s works can be seen in the movie Children of Men, including a stenciled image of two policemen kissing and another stencil of a child looking down a shop.
• In the 2007 film Shoot ‘Em Up starring Clive Owen, Banksy’s tag can be seen on a dumpster in the film’s credits.
• Banksy, who deals mostly with Lazarides Gallery in London, claims that the exhibition at Vanina Holasek Gallery in New York (his first major exhibition in that city) is unauthorised. The exhibition featured 62 of his paintings and prints.[38]

2008

• In March, a stencilled graffiti work appeared on Thames Water tower in the middle of the Holland Park roundabout, and it was widely attributed to Banksy. It was of a child painting the tag "Take this Society" in bright orange. London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham spokesman, Councillor Greg Smith branded the art as vandalism, and ordered its immediate removal, which was carried out by H&F council workmen within three days.[39]
• Over the weekend 3–5 May in London, Banksy hosted an exhibition called The Cans Festival. It was situated on Leake Street, a road tunnel formerly used by Eurostar underneath London Waterloo station. Graffiti artists with stencils were invited to join in and paint their own artwork, as long as it didn’t cover anyone else’s.[40] Artists included Blek le Rat, Broken Crow, C215, Cartrain, Dolk, Dotmasters, J.Glover, Eine, Eelus, Hero, Pure evil, Jef Aérosol, Mr Brainwash, Tom Civil and Roadsworth.[citation needed]
• In late August 2008, marking the third anniversary of Hurricane Katrina and the associated levee failure disaster, Banksy produced a series of works in New Orleans, Louisiana, mostly on buildings derelict since the disaster.[41]
• A stencil painting attributed to Banksy appeared at a vacant petrol station in the Ensley neighbourhood of Birmingham, Alabama on 29 August as Hurricane Gustav approached the New Orleans area. The painting depicting a hooded member of the Ku Klux Klan hanging from a noose was quickly covered with black spray paint and later removed altogether.[42]
• His first official exhibition in New York, the "Village Pet Store And Charcoal Grill," opened 5 October 2008. The animatronic pets in the store window include a mother hen watching over her baby Chicken McNuggets as they peck at a barbecue sauce packet, and a rabbit putting makeup on in a mirror.[43]
• The Westminster City Council stated in October 2008 that the work "One Nation Under CCTV", painted in April 2008 will be painted over as it is graffiti. The council says it will remove any graffiti, regardless of the reputation of its creator, and specifically stated that Banksy "has no more right to paint graffiti than a child". Robert Davis, the chairman of the council planning committee told The Times newspaper: "If we condone this then we might as well say that any kid with a spray can is producing art". [44] The work was painted over in April 2009.
• In December 2008, The Little Diver, a Banksy image of a diver in a duffle coat in Melbourne Australia was vandalised. The image was protected by a sheet of clear perspex, however silver paint was poured behind the protective sheet and later tagged with the words "Banksy woz ere". The image was almost completely destroyed.[45].

2009

• May 2009, parts company with agent Steve Lazarides. Announces Pest Control [46] the handling service who act on his behalf will be the only point of sale for new works.
• On 13 June 2009, the Banksy UK Summer show opened at Bristol City Museum and Art Gallery, featuring more than 100 works of art, including animatronics and installations; it is his largest exhibition yet, featuring 78 new works.[47][48] Reaction to the show was positive, with over 8,500 visitors to the show on the first weekend.[49] Over the course of the twelve weeks, the exhibition has been visited over 300,000 times.[50]
• In September 2009, a Banksy work parodying the Royal Family was partially destroyed by Hackney Council after they served an enforcement notice for graffiti removal to the former address of the property owner. The mural had been commissioned for the 2003 Blur single "Crazy Beat" and the property owner, who had allowed the piece to be painted, was reported to have been in tears when she saw it was being painted over.[51]
• In December 2009, Banksy marked the end of the 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference by painting four murals on global warming. One included "I don’t believe in global warming" which was submerged in water.[52]

2010

• The world premiere of the film Exit Through the Gift Shop occurred at the Sundance Film Festival in Park City, Utah, on 24 January. He created 10 street pieces around Park City and Salt Lake City to tie in with the screening.[53]
• In February, The Whitehouse public house in Liverpool, England, is sold for £114,000 at auction.[54] The side of the building has an image of a giant rat by Banksy.[55]
• In April 2010, Melbourne City Council in Australia reported that they had inadvertently ordered private contractors to paint over the last remaining Banksy art in the city. The image was of a rat descending in a parachute adorning the wall of an old council building behind the Forum Theatre. In 2008 Vandals had poured paint over a stencil of an old-fashioned diver wearing a trenchcoat. A council spokeswoman has said they would now rush through retrospective permits to protect other “famous or significant artworks” in the city.[56]
• In April 2010 to coincide with the premier of Exit through the Gift Shop in San Francisco, 5 of his pieces appeared in various parts of the city.[57] Banksy reportedly paid a Chinatown building owner for the use of their wall for one of his stencils.[58]
• In May 2010 to coincide with the release of "Exit Through the Gift Shop" in Chicago, one piece appeared in the city.

Notable art pieces

In addition to his artwork, Banksy has claimed responsibility for a number of high profile art pieces, including the following:

• At London Zoo, he climbed into the penguin enclosure and painted "We’re bored of fish" in seven foot high letters.[59]
• At Bristol Zoo, he left the message ‘I want out. This place is too cold. Keeper smells. Boring, boring, boring.’ in the elephant enclosure.[60]
• In March 2005, he placed subverted artworks in the Museum of Modern Art, Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Brooklyn Museum, and the American Museum of Natural History in New York.[61]
• He put up a subverted painting in London’s Tate Britain gallery.
• In May 2005 Banksy’s version of a primitive cave painting depicting a human figure hunting wildlife whilst pushing a shopping trolley was hung in gallery 49 of the British Museum, London. Upon discovery, they added it to their permanent collection.[62]

Near Bethlehem – 2005

• Banksy has sprayed "This is not a photo opportunity" on certain photograph spots.
• In August 2005, Banksy painted nine images on the Israeli West Bank barrier, including an image of a ladder going up and over the wall and an image of children digging a hole through the wall.[22][63][64][65]

See also: Other Banksy works on the Israeli West Bank barrier

• In April 2006, Banksy created a sculpture based on a crumpled red phone box with a pickaxe in its side, apparently bleeding, and placed it in a street in Soho, London. It was later removed by Westminster Council. BT released a press release, which said: "This is a stunning visual comment on BT’s transformation from an old-fashioned telecommunications company into a modern communications services provider."[66]
• In June 2006, Banksy created an image of a naked man hanging out of a bedroom window on a wall visible from Park Street in central Bristol. The image sparked some controversy, with the Bristol City Council leaving it up to the public to decide whether it should stay or go.[67] After an internet discussion in which 97% (all but 6 people) supported the stencil, the city council decided it would be left on the building.[67] The mural was later defaced with paint.[67]
• In August/September 2006, Banksy replaced up to 500 copies of Paris Hilton‘s debut CD, Paris, in 48 different UK record stores with his own cover art and remixes by Danger Mouse. Music tracks were given titles such as "Why am I Famous?", "What Have I Done?" and "What Am I For?". Several copies of the CD were purchased by the public before stores were able to remove them, some going on to be sold for as much as £750 on online auction websites such as eBay. The cover art depicted Paris Hilton digitally altered to appear topless. Other pictures feature her with a dog’s head replacing her own, and one of her stepping out of a luxury car, edited to include a group of homeless people, which included the caption "90% of success is just showing up".[68][69][70]
• In September 2006, Banksy dressed an inflatable doll in the manner of a Guantanamo Bay detainment camp prisoner (orange jumpsuit, black hood, and handcuffs) and then placed the figure within the Big Thunder Mountain Railroad ride at the Disneyland theme park in Anaheim, California.[71][72]

Technique

Asked about his technique, Banksy said:

“I use whatever it takes. Sometimes that just means drawing a moustache on a girl’s face on some billboard, sometimes that means sweating for days over an intricate drawing. Efficiency is the key.[73]

Stencils are traditionally hand drawn or printed onto sheets of acetate or card, before being cut out by hand. Because of the secretive nature of Banksy’s work and identity, it is uncertain what techniques he uses to generate the images in his stencils, though it is assumed he uses computers for some images due to the photocopy nature of much of his work.

He mentions in his book, Wall and Piece, that as he was starting to do graffiti, he was always too slow and was either caught or could never finish the art in the one sitting. So he devised a series of intricate stencils to minimise time and overlapping of the colour.

Identity

Banksy’s real name has been widely reported to be Robert or Robin Banks.[74][75][76] His year of birth has been given as 1974.[62]

Simon Hattenstone from Guardian Unlimited is one of the very few people to have interviewed him face-to-face. Hattenstone describes him as "a cross of Jimmy Nail and British rapper Mike Skinner" and "a 28 year old male who showed up wearing jeans and a t-shirt with a silver tooth, silver chain, and one silver earring".[77] In the same interview, Banksy revealed that his parents think their son is a painter and decorator.[77]

In May 2007, an extensive article written by Lauren Collins of the New Yorker re-opened the Banksy-identity controversy citing a 2004 photograph of the artist that was taken in Jamaica during the Two-Culture Clash project and later published in the Evening Standard in 2004.[6]

In October 2007, a story on the BBC website featured a photo allegedly taken by a passer-by in Bethnal Green, London, purporting to show Banksy at work with an assistant, scaffolding and a truck. The story confirms that Tower Hamlets Council in London has decided to treat all Banksy works as vandalism and remove them.[78]

In July 2008, it was claimed by The Mail on Sunday that Banksy’s real name is Robin Gunningham.[3][79] His agent has refused to confirm or deny these reports.

In May 2009, the Mail on Sunday once again speculated about Gunningham being Banksy after a "self-portrait" of a rat holding a sign with the word "Gunningham" shot on it was photographed in East London.[80] This "new Banksy rat" story was also picked up by The Times[81] and the Evening Standard.

Banksy, himself, states on his website:

“I am unable to comment on who may or may not be Banksy, but anyone described as being ‘good at drawing’ doesn’t sound like Banksy to me.[82]

Controversy

In 2004, Banksy walked into the Louvre in Paris and hung on a wall a picture he had painted resembling the Mona Lisa but with a yellow smiley face. Though the painting was hurriedly removed by the museum staff, it and its counterpart, temporarily on unknown display at the Tate Britain, were described by Banksy as "shortcuts". He is quoted as saying:

“To actually [have to] go through the process of having a painting selected must be quite boring. It’s a lot more fun to go and put your own one up.[83]

Peter Gibson, a spokesperson for Keep Britain Tidy, asserts that Banksy’s work is simple vandalism,[84] and Diane Shakespeare, an official for the same organization, was quoted as saying: "We are concerned that Banksy’s street art glorifies what is essentially vandalism".[6]

In June 2007 Banksy created a circle of plastic portable toilets, said to resemble Stonehenge at the Glastonbury Festival. As this was in the same field as the "sacred circle" it was felt by many to be inappropriate and his installation was itself vandalized before the festival even opened. However, the intention had always been for people to climb on and interact with it.[citation needed] The installation was nicknamed "Portaloo Sunset" and "Bog Henge" by Festival goers. Michael Eavis admitted he wasn’t fond of it, and the portaloos were removed before the 2008 festival.

In 2010, an artistic feud developed between Banksy and his rival King Robbo after Banksy painted over a 24-year old Robbo piece on the banks of London’s Regent Canal. In retaliation several Banksy pieces in London have been painted over by ‘Team Robbo’.[85][86]

Also in 2010, government workers accidentally painted over a Banksy art piece, a famed "parachuting-rat" stencil, in Australia’s Melbourne CBD. [87]

Bibliography

Banksy has self-published several books that contain photographs of his work in various countries as well as some of his canvas work and exhibitions, accompanied by his own writings:

• Banksy, Banging Your Head Against A Brick Wall (2001) ISBN 978-0-95417040-0
• Banksy, Existencilism (2002) ISBN 978-0-95417041-7
• Banksy, Cut it Out (2004) ISBN 978-0-95449600-5
• Banksy, Wall and Piece (2005) ISBN 978-1-84413786-2
• Banksy, Pictures of Walls (2005) ISBN 978-0-95519460-3

Random House published Wall and Piece in 2005. It contains a combination of images from his three previous books, as well as some new material.[16]

Two books authored by others on his work were published in 2006 & 2007:

• Martin Bull, Banksy Locations and Tours: A Collection of Graffiti Locations and Photographs in London (2006 – with new editions in 2007 and 2008) ISBN 978-0-95547120-9.
• Steve Wright, Banksy’s Bristol: Home Sweet Home (2007) ISBN 978-1906477004

External links

Official website
Banksy street work photos

Banksy in Boston: Overview of the NO LOITRIN piece on Essex St in Central Square, Cambridge

Image by Chris Devers
Posted via email to ☛ HoloChromaCinePhotoRamaScope‽: cdevers.posterous.com/banksy-no-loitrin.

• • • • • • • • • •

Interestingly, both of the Boston area Banksy pieces are on Essex St:

F̶O̶L̶L̶O̶W̶ ̶Y̶O̶U̶R̶ ̶D̶R̶E̶A̶M̶S̶ CANCELLED (aka chimney sweep) in Chinatown, Boston
NO LOITRIN in Central Square, Cambridge.

Does that mean anything? It looks like he favors Essex named streets & roads when he can. In 2008, he did another notable Essex work in London, for example, and posters on the Banksy Forums picked up & discussed on the Essex link as well.

Is there an Essex Street in any of the other nearby towns? It looks like there are several: Brookline, Charlestown, Chelsea, Gloucester, Haverhill, Lawrence, Lynn, Medford, Melrose, Quincy, Revere, Salem, Saugus, Somerville, Swampscott, and Waltham. Most of these seem improbable to me, other than maybe Brookline, or maybe Somerville or Charlestown. But they start getting pretty suburban after that.

But, again, why "Essex"? In a comment on this photo, Birbeck helps clarify:

I can only surmise that he’s having a ‘dig’ at Essex UK, especially with the misspelling of ‘Loitering’. Here, the general view of the urban districts in Essex: working class but with right wing views; that they’re not the most intellectual bunch; rather obsessed with fashion (well, their idea of it); their place of worship is the shopping mall; enjoy rowdy nights out; girls are thought of as being dumb, fake blonde hair/tans and promiscuous; and guys are good at the ‘chit chat’, and swagger around showing off their dosh (money).

It was also the region that once had Europe’s largest Ford motor factory. In its heyday, 1 in 3 British cars were made in Dagenham, Essex. Pay was good for such unskilled labour, generations worked mind-numbing routines on assembly lines for 80 years. In 2002 the recession ended the dream.

• • • • •

This is a scan of this Banksy photo running in the the Boston Globe on May 13, 2010. This is the first time I’ve made the newspaper with one of my photos 🙂 (The Globe later ran a longer article, titled Tag — we’re it: Banksy, the controversial and elusive street artist, left his mark here. Or did he? with a photo taken by one of their staff photographers, Essdras M. Suarez.

• This photo appeared on Grafitti – A arte das ruas on Yahoo Meme. Yes, Yahoo has a Tumblr/Posterous-esque "Meme" service now — I was as surprised as you are.

• The photo has also appeared, among other places, on CafeBabel, a European online affairs magazine based in Paris.

• • • • •

Banksy
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Banksy
Birth name
Unknown

Born
1974 or 1975 (1974 or 1975), Bristol, UK[1]

Nationality
British

Field
Graffiti
Street Art
Bristol underground scene
Sculpture

Movement
Anti-Totalitarianism
Anti-capitalism
Pacifism
Anti-War
Anarchism
Atheism
Anti-Fascism

Works
Naked Man Image
One Nation Under CCTV
Anarchist Rat
Ozone’s Angel
Pulp Fiction

Banksy is a pseudonymous[2][3][4] British graffiti artist. He is believed to be a native of Yate, South Gloucestershire, near Bristol[2] and to have been born in 1974,[5] but his identity is unknown.[6] According to Tristan Manco[who?], Banksy "was born in 1974 and raised in Bristol, England. The son of a photocopier technician, he trained as a butcher but became involved in graffiti during the great Bristol aerosol boom of the late 1980s."[7] His artworks are often satirical pieces of art on topics such as politics, culture, and ethics. His street art, which combines graffiti writing with a distinctive stencilling technique, is similar to Blek le Rat, who began to work with stencils in 1981 in Paris and members of the anarcho-punk band Crass who maintained a graffiti stencil campaign on the London Tube System in the late 1970s and early 1980s. His art has appeared in cities around the world.[8] Banksy’s work was born out of the Bristol underground scene which involved collaborations between artists and musicians.

Banksy does not sell photos of street graffiti.[9] Art auctioneers have been known to attempt to sell his street art on location and leave the problem of its removal in the hands of the winning bidder.[10]

Banksy’s first film, Exit Through The Gift Shop, billed as "the world’s first street art disaster movie", made its debut at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival.[11] The film was released in the UK on March 5.[12]

Contents

1 Career
•• 1.1 2000
•• 1.2 2002
•• 1.3 2003
•• 1.4 2004
•• 1.5 2005
•• 1.6 2006
•• 1.7 2007
•• 1.8 2008
•• 1.9 2009
•• 1.10 2010
2 Notable art pieces
3 Technique
4 Identity
5 Controversy
6 Bibliography
7 References
8 External links

Career

Banksy started as a freehand graffiti artist 1992–1994[14] as one of Bristol’s DryBreadZ Crew (DBZ), with Kato and Tes.[15] He was inspired by local artists and his work was part of the larger Bristol underground scene. From the start he used stencils as elements of his freehand pieces, too.[14] By 2000 he had turned to the art of stencilling after realising how much less time it took to complete a piece. He claims he changed to stencilling whilst he was hiding from the police under a train carriage, when he noticed the stencilled serial number[16] and by employing this technique, he soon became more widely noticed for his art around Bristol and London.[16]

Stencil on the waterline of The Thekla, an entertainment boat in central Bristol – (wider view). The image of Death is based on a 19th century etching illustrating the pestilence of The Great Stink.[17]

Banksy’s stencils feature striking and humorous images occasionally combined with slogans. The message is usually anti-war, anti-capitalist or anti-establishment. Subjects often include rats, monkeys, policemen, soldiers, children, and the elderly.

In late 2001, on a trip to Sydney and Melbourne, Australia, he met up with the Gen-X pastellist, visual activist, and recluse James DeWeaver in Byron Bay[clarification needed], where he stencilled a parachuting rat with a clothes peg on its nose above a toilet at the Arts Factory Lodge. This stencil can no longer be located. He also makes stickers (the Neighbourhood Watch subvert) and sculpture (the murdered phone-box), and was responsible for the cover art of Blur’s 2003 album Think Tank.

2000

The album cover for Monk & Canatella‘s Do Community Service was conceived and illustrated by Banksy, based on his contribution to the "Walls on fire" event in Bristol 1998.[18][citation needed]

2002

On 19 July 2002, Banksy’s first Los Angeles exhibition debuted at 33 1/3 Gallery, a small Silverlake venue owned by Frank Sosa. The exhibition, entitled Existencilism, was curated by 33 1/3 Gallery, Malathion, Funk Lazy Promotions, and B+.[19]

2003

In 2003 in an exhibition called Turf War, held in a warehouse, Banksy painted on animals. Although the RSPCA declared the conditions suitable, an animal rights activist chained herself to the railings in protest.[20] He later moved on to producing subverted paintings; one example is Monet‘s Water Lily Pond, adapted to include urban detritus such as litter and a shopping trolley floating in its reflective waters; another is Edward Hopper‘s Nighthawks, redrawn to show that the characters are looking at a British football hooligan, dressed only in his Union Flag underpants, who has just thrown an object through the glass window of the cafe. These oil paintings were shown at a twelve-day exhibition in Westbourne Grove, London in 2005.[21]

2004

In August 2004, Banksy produced a quantity of spoof British £10 notes substituting the picture of the Queen’s head with Princess Diana‘s head and changing the text "Bank of England" to "Banksy of England." Someone threw a large wad of these into a crowd at Notting Hill Carnival that year, which some recipients then tried to spend in local shops. These notes were also given with invitations to a Santa’s Ghetto exhibition by Pictures on Walls. The individual notes have since been selling on eBay for about £200 each. A wad of the notes were also thrown over a fence and into the crowd near the NME signing tent at The Reading Festival. A limited run of 50 signed posters containing ten uncut notes were also produced and sold by Pictures on Walls for £100 each to commemorate the death of Princess Diana. One of these sold in October 2007 at Bonhams auction house in London for £24,000.

2005

In August 2005, Banksy, on a trip to the Palestinian territories, created nine images on Israel’s highly controversial West Bank barrier. He reportedly said "The Israeli government is building a wall surrounding the occupied Palestinian territories. It stands three times the height of the Berlin Wall and will eventually run for over 700km—the distance from London to Zurich. "[22]

2006

• Banksy held an exhibition called Barely Legal, billed as a "three day vandalised warehouse extravaganza" in Los Angeles, on the weekend of 16 September. The exhibition featured a live "elephant in a room", painted in a pink and gold floral wallpaper pattern.[23]
• After Christina Aguilera bought an original of Queen Victoria as a lesbian and two prints for £25,000,[24] on 19 October 2006 a set of Kate Moss paintings sold in Sotheby’s London for £50,400, setting an auction record for Banksy’s work. The six silk-screen prints, featuring the model painted in the style of Andy Warhol‘s Marilyn Monroe pictures, sold for five times their estimated value. His stencil of a green Mona Lisa with real paint dripping from her eyes sold for £57,600 at the same auction.[25]
• In December, journalist Max Foster coined the phrase, "the Banksy Effect", to illustrate how interest in other street artists was growing on the back of Banksy’s success.[26]

2007

• On 21 February 2007, Sotheby’s auction house in London auctioned three works, reaching the highest ever price for a Banksy work at auction: over £102,000 for his Bombing Middle England. Two of his other graffiti works, Balloon Girl and Bomb Hugger, sold for £37,200 and £31,200 respectively, which were well above their estimated prices.[27] The following day’s auction saw a further three Banksy works reach soaring prices: Ballerina With Action Man Parts reached £96,000; Glory sold for £72,000; Untitled (2004) sold for £33,600; all significantly above estimated values.[28] To coincide with the second day of auctions, Banksy updated his website with a new image of an auction house scene showing people bidding on a picture that said, "I Can’t Believe You Morons Actually Buy This Shit."[6]
• In February 2007, the owners of a house with a Banksy mural on the side in Bristol decided to sell the house through Red Propeller art gallery after offers fell through because the prospective buyers wanted to remove the mural. It is listed as a mural which comes with a house attached.[29]
• In April 2007, Transport for London painted over Banksy’s iconic image of a scene from Quentin Tarantino‘s Pulp Fiction, with Samuel L. Jackson and John Travolta clutching bananas instead of guns. Although the image was very popular, Transport for London claimed that the "graffiti" created "a general atmosphere of neglect and social decay which in turn encourages crime" and their staff are "professional cleaners not professional art critics".[30] Banksy tagged the same site again (pictured at right). This time the actors were portrayed as holding real guns instead of bananas, but they were adorned with banana costumes. Banksy made a tribute art piece over this second Pulp Fiction piece. The tribute was for 19-year-old British graffiti artist Ozone, who was hit by an underground train in Barking, East London, along with fellow artist Wants, on 12 January 2007.[31] The piece was of an angel wearing a bullet-proof vest, holding a skull. He also wrote a note on his website, saying:

The last time I hit this spot I painted a crap picture of two men in banana costumes waving hand guns. A few weeks later a writer called Ozone completely dogged it and then wrote ‘If it’s better next time I’ll leave it’ in the bottom corner. When we lost Ozone we lost a fearless graffiti writer and as it turns out a pretty perceptive art critic. Ozone – rest in peace.[citation needed]

Ozone’s Angel

• On 27 April 2007, a new record high for the sale of Banksy’s work was set with the auction of the work Space Girl & Bird fetching £288,000 (US6,000), around 20 times the estimate at Bonhams of London.[32]
• On 21 May 2007 Banksy gained the award for Art’s Greatest living Briton. Banksy, as expected, did not turn up to collect his award, and continued with his notoriously anonymous status.
• On 4 June 2007, it was reported that Banksy’s The Drinker had been stolen.[33][34]
• In October 2007, most of his works offered for sale at Bonhams auction house in London sold for more than twice their reserve price.[35]

• Banksy has published a "manifesto" on his website.[36] The text of the manifesto is credited as the diary entry of one Lieutenant Colonel Mervin Willett Gonin, DSO, which is exhibited in the Imperial War Museum. It describes how a shipment of lipstick to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp immediately after its liberation at the end of World War II helped the internees regain their humanity. However, as of 18 January 2008, Banksy’s Manifesto has been substituted with Graffiti Heroes #03 that describes Peter Chappell’s graffiti quest of the 1970s that worked to free George Davis of his imprisonment.[37] By 12 August 2009 he was relying on Emo Phillips’ "When I was a kid I used to pray every night for a new bicycle. Then I realised God doesn’t work that way, so I stole one and prayed for forgiveness."
• A small number of Banksy’s works can be seen in the movie Children of Men, including a stenciled image of two policemen kissing and another stencil of a child looking down a shop.
• In the 2007 film Shoot ‘Em Up starring Clive Owen, Banksy’s tag can be seen on a dumpster in the film’s credits.
• Banksy, who deals mostly with Lazarides Gallery in London, claims that the exhibition at Vanina Holasek Gallery in New York (his first major exhibition in that city) is unauthorised. The exhibition featured 62 of his paintings and prints.[38]

2008

• In March, a stencilled graffiti work appeared on Thames Water tower in the middle of the Holland Park roundabout, and it was widely attributed to Banksy. It was of a child painting the tag "Take this Society" in bright orange. London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham spokesman, Councillor Greg Smith branded the art as vandalism, and ordered its immediate removal, which was carried out by H&F council workmen within three days.[39]
• Over the weekend 3–5 May in London, Banksy hosted an exhibition called The Cans Festival. It was situated on Leake Street, a road tunnel formerly used by Eurostar underneath London Waterloo station. Graffiti artists with stencils were invited to join in and paint their own artwork, as long as it didn’t cover anyone else’s.[40] Artists included Blek le Rat, Broken Crow, C215, Cartrain, Dolk, Dotmasters, J.Glover, Eine, Eelus, Hero, Pure evil, Jef Aérosol, Mr Brainwash, Tom Civil and Roadsworth.[citation needed]
• In late August 2008, marking the third anniversary of Hurricane Katrina and the associated levee failure disaster, Banksy produced a series of works in New Orleans, Louisiana, mostly on buildings derelict since the disaster.[41]
• A stencil painting attributed to Banksy appeared at a vacant petrol station in the Ensley neighbourhood of Birmingham, Alabama on 29 August as Hurricane Gustav approached the New Orleans area. The painting depicting a hooded member of the Ku Klux Klan hanging from a noose was quickly covered with black spray paint and later removed altogether.[42]
• His first official exhibition in New York, the "Village Pet Store And Charcoal Grill," opened 5 October 2008. The animatronic pets in the store window include a mother hen watching over her baby Chicken McNuggets as they peck at a barbecue sauce packet, and a rabbit putting makeup on in a mirror.[43]
• The Westminster City Council stated in October 2008 that the work "One Nation Under CCTV", painted in April 2008 will be painted over as it is graffiti. The council says it will remove any graffiti, regardless of the reputation of its creator, and specifically stated that Banksy "has no more right to paint graffiti than a child". Robert Davis, the chairman of the council planning committee told The Times newspaper: "If we condone this then we might as well say that any kid with a spray can is producing art". [44] The work was painted over in April 2009.
• In December 2008, The Little Diver, a Banksy image of a diver in a duffle coat in Melbourne Australia was vandalised. The image was protected by a sheet of clear perspex, however silver paint was poured behind the protective sheet and later tagged with the words "Banksy woz ere". The image was almost completely destroyed.[45].

2009

• May 2009, parts company with agent Steve Lazarides. Announces Pest Control [46] the handling service who act on his behalf will be the only point of sale for new works.
• On 13 June 2009, the Banksy UK Summer show opened at Bristol City Museum and Art Gallery, featuring more than 100 works of art, including animatronics and installations; it is his largest exhibition yet, featuring 78 new works.[47][48] Reaction to the show was positive, with over 8,500 visitors to the show on the first weekend.[49] Over the course of the twelve weeks, the exhibition has been visited over 300,000 times.[50]
• In September 2009, a Banksy work parodying the Royal Family was partially destroyed by Hackney Council after they served an enforcement notice for graffiti removal to the former address of the property owner. The mural had been commissioned for the 2003 Blur single "Crazy Beat" and the property owner, who had allowed the piece to be painted, was reported to have been in tears when she saw it was being painted over.[51]
• In December 2009, Banksy marked the end of the 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference by painting four murals on global warming. One included "I don’t believe in global warming" which was submerged in water.[52]

2010

• The world premiere of the film Exit Through the Gift Shop occurred at the Sundance Film Festival in Park City, Utah, on 24 January. He created 10 street pieces around Park City and Salt Lake City to tie in with the screening.[53]
• In February, The Whitehouse public house in Liverpool, England, is sold for £114,000 at auction.[54] The side of the building has an image of a giant rat by Banksy.[55]
• In April 2010, Melbourne City Council in Australia reported that they had inadvertently ordered private contractors to paint over the last remaining Banksy art in the city. The image was of a rat descending in a parachute adorning the wall of an old council building behind the Forum Theatre. In 2008 Vandals had poured paint over a stencil of an old-fashioned diver wearing a trenchcoat. A council spokeswoman has said they would now rush through retrospective permits to protect other “famous or significant artworks” in the city.[56]
• In April 2010 to coincide with the premier of Exit through the Gift Shop in San Francisco, 5 of his pieces appeared in various parts of the city.[57] Banksy reportedly paid a Chinatown building owner for the use of their wall for one of his stencils.[58]
• In May 2010 to coincide with the release of "Exit Through the Gift Shop" in Chicago, one piece appeared in the city.

Notable art pieces

In addition to his artwork, Banksy has claimed responsibility for a number of high profile art pieces, including the following:

• At London Zoo, he climbed into the penguin enclosure and painted "We’re bored of fish" in seven foot high letters.[59]
• At Bristol Zoo, he left the message ‘I want out. This place is too cold. Keeper smells. Boring, boring, boring.’ in the elephant enclosure.[60]
• In March 2005, he placed subverted artworks in the Museum of Modern Art, Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Brooklyn Museum, and the American Museum of Natural History in New York.[61]
• He put up a subverted painting in London’s Tate Britain gallery.
• In May 2005 Banksy’s version of a primitive cave painting depicting a human figure hunting wildlife whilst pushing a shopping trolley was hung in gallery 49 of the British Museum, London. Upon discovery, they added it to their permanent collection.[62]

Near Bethlehem – 2005

• Banksy has sprayed "This is not a photo opportunity" on certain photograph spots.
• In August 2005, Banksy painted nine images on the Israeli West Bank barrier, including an image of a ladder going up and over the wall and an image of children digging a hole through the wall.[22][63][64][65]

See also: Other Banksy works on the Israeli West Bank barrier

• In April 2006, Banksy created a sculpture based on a crumpled red phone box with a pickaxe in its side, apparently bleeding, and placed it in a street in Soho, London. It was later removed by Westminster Council. BT released a press release, which said: "This is a stunning visual comment on BT’s transformation from an old-fashioned telecommunications company into a modern communications services provider."[66]
• In June 2006, Banksy created an image of a naked man hanging out of a bedroom window on a wall visible from Park Street in central Bristol. The image sparked some controversy, with the Bristol City Council leaving it up to the public to decide whether it should stay or go.[67] After an internet discussion in which 97% (all but 6 people) supported the stencil, the city council decided it would be left on the building.[67] The mural was later defaced with paint.[67]
• In August/September 2006, Banksy replaced up to 500 copies of Paris Hilton‘s debut CD, Paris, in 48 different UK record stores with his own cover art and remixes by Danger Mouse. Music tracks were given titles such as "Why am I Famous?", "What Have I Done?" and "What Am I For?". Several copies of the CD were purchased by the public before stores were able to remove them, some going on to be sold for as much as £750 on online auction websites such as eBay. The cover art depicted Paris Hilton digitally altered to appear topless. Other pictures feature her with a dog’s head replacing her own, and one of her stepping out of a luxury car, edited to include a group of homeless people, which included the caption "90% of success is just showing up".[68][69][70]
• In September 2006, Banksy dressed an inflatable doll in the manner of a Guantanamo Bay detainment camp prisoner (orange jumpsuit, black hood, and handcuffs) and then placed the figure within the Big Thunder Mountain Railroad ride at the Disneyland theme park in Anaheim, California.[71][72]

Technique

Asked about his technique, Banksy said:

“I use whatever it takes. Sometimes that just means drawing a moustache on a girl’s face on some billboard, sometimes that means sweating for days over an intricate drawing. Efficiency is the key.[73]

Stencils are traditionally hand drawn or printed onto sheets of acetate or card, before being cut out by hand. Because of the secretive nature of Banksy’s work and identity, it is uncertain what techniques he uses to generate the images in his stencils, though it is assumed he uses computers for some images due to the photocopy nature of much of his work.

He mentions in his book, Wall and Piece, that as he was starting to do graffiti, he was always too slow and was either caught or could never finish the art in the one sitting. So he devised a series of intricate stencils to minimise time and overlapping of the colour.

Identity

Banksy’s real name has been widely reported to be Robert or Robin Banks.[74][75][76] His year of birth has been given as 1974.[62]

Simon Hattenstone from Guardian Unlimited is one of the very few people to have interviewed him face-to-face. Hattenstone describes him as "a cross of Jimmy Nail and British rapper Mike Skinner" and "a 28 year old male who showed up wearing jeans and a t-shirt with a silver tooth, silver chain, and one silver earring".[77] In the same interview, Banksy revealed that his parents think their son is a painter and decorator.[77]

In May 2007, an extensive article written by Lauren Collins of the New Yorker re-opened the Banksy-identity controversy citing a 2004 photograph of the artist that was taken in Jamaica during the Two-Culture Clash project and later published in the Evening Standard in 2004.[6]

In October 2007, a story on the BBC website featured a photo allegedly taken by a passer-by in Bethnal Green, London, purporting to show Banksy at work with an assistant, scaffolding and a truck. The story confirms that Tower Hamlets Council in London has decided to treat all Banksy works as vandalism and remove them.[78]

In July 2008, it was claimed by The Mail on Sunday that Banksy’s real name is Robin Gunningham.[3][79] His agent has refused to confirm or deny these reports.

In May 2009, the Mail on Sunday once again speculated about Gunningham being Banksy after a "self-portrait" of a rat holding a sign with the word "Gunningham" shot on it was photographed in East London.[80] This "new Banksy rat" story was also picked up by The Times[81] and the Evening Standard.

Banksy, himself, states on his website:

“I am unable to comment on who may or may not be Banksy, but anyone described as being ‘good at drawing’ doesn’t sound like Banksy to me.[82]

Controversy

In 2004, Banksy walked into the Louvre in Paris and hung on a wall a picture he had painted resembling the Mona Lisa but with a yellow smiley face. Though the painting was hurriedly removed by the museum staff, it and its counterpart, temporarily on unknown display at the Tate Britain, were described by Banksy as "shortcuts". He is quoted as saying:

“To actually [have to] go through the process of having a painting selected must be quite boring. It’s a lot more fun to go and put your own one up.[83]

Peter Gibson, a spokesperson for Keep Britain Tidy, asserts that Banksy’s work is simple vandalism,[84] and Diane Shakespeare, an official for the same organization, was quoted as saying: "We are concerned that Banksy’s street art glorifies what is essentially vandalism".[6]

In June 2007 Banksy created a circle of plastic portable toilets, said to resemble Stonehenge at the Glastonbury Festival. As this was in the same field as the "sacred circle" it was felt by many to be inappropriate and his installation was itself vandalized before the festival even opened. However, the intention had always been for people to climb on and interact with it.[citation needed] The installation was nicknamed "Portaloo Sunset" and "Bog Henge" by Festival goers. Michael Eavis admitted he wasn’t fond of it, and the portaloos were removed before the 2008 festival.

In 2010, an artistic feud developed between Banksy and his rival King Robbo after Banksy painted over a 24-year old Robbo piece on the banks of London’s Regent Canal. In retaliation several Banksy pieces in London have been painted over by ‘Team Robbo’.[85][86]

Also in 2010, government workers accidentally painted over a Banksy art piece, a famed "parachuting-rat" stencil, in Australia’s Melbourne CBD. [87]

Bibliography

Banksy has self-published several books that contain photographs of his work in various countries as well as some of his canvas work and exhibitions, accompanied by his own writings:

• Banksy, Banging Your Head Against A Brick Wall (2001) ISBN 978-0-95417040-0
• Banksy, Existencilism (2002) ISBN 978-0-95417041-7
• Banksy, Cut it Out (2004) ISBN 978-0-95449600-5
• Banksy, Wall and Piece (2005) ISBN 978-1-84413786-2
• Banksy, Pictures of Walls (2005) ISBN 978-0-95519460-3

Random House published Wall and Piece in 2005. It contains a combination of images from his three previous books, as well as some new material.[16]

Two books authored by others on his work were published in 2006 & 2007:

• Martin Bull, Banksy Locations and Tours: A Collection of Graffiti Locations and Photographs in London (2006 – with new editions in 2007 and 2008) ISBN 978-0-95547120-9.
• Steve Wright, Banksy’s Bristol: Home Sweet Home (2007) ISBN 978-1906477004

External links

Official website
Banksy street work photos

Inangahua Junction bridge after the 1968 earthquake

Image by PhillipC
This was a magnitude 7 earthquake. Many West Coasters remember the quake as the worst experience of their lives.

The Inangahua earthquake struck on a wintry morning in May– the furious and monumental shaking occurred without any foreshocks to warn that something big was brewing.

Most New Zealanders had not even heard of Inangahua — a tiny farming, sawmilling and coal mining community 40km east of Westport on the South Island’s West Coast.

Inangahua dairy farmers Warren and Ruth Inwood remember hanging on to their bed as it was tossed around the bedroom. Many Coasters have similar memories as they were jarred violently out of their sleep by the 5.24am quake.

” I thought it was the end of the world,” Mrs Inwood says.

” The noise was horrendous. It was like nothing I’ve ever heard. Our fridge was flipped on its side, a heavy three-seater sofa was thrown across the lounge, ceilings were ripped open, windows exploded out of their frames, cupboards were completely emptied, and broken ornaments and crockery littered the floor.”

The Inwood’s property, not far from the earthquake epicentre, took the full force of the shockwaves.

” It was like an explosion underneath us. The house was shunted up in the air and then it shook violently. A lot of houses were knocked clean off their piles.”

Duke and Ngaio Kingi, also near the epicentre, were thrown from their collapsing bed just as a heavy wardrobe fell across it. Then roof tiles rained down on them. People who ran from their beds cut their feet on broken glass.

Wire fences on the Inwood’s farm lay limply on the ground, not because the wire had snapped but because it had been stretched so much.

When daylight came to Inangahua, it revealed a scene like the aftermath of a military bombardment.

It was several hours before the outside world became aware of the plight of the people living in the Inangahua Valley. Road access was cut off in all directions and there was no electricity to send radio messages. The first radio news bulletins reported that tremors had been felt throughout New Zealand. There was initially no mention of the West Coast.

The earthquake left 70 percent of the houses in the township of Inangahua uninhabitable. There were three deaths and 14 injuries. Two deaths occurred in one of the many landslides, and the other occurred when a motorist hit ther abutment to this bridge in the dark. A further three people died when a rescue helicopter crashed.

The main shock had a focal depth of 15km and there were 800 aftershocks of magnitude 3.8 or greater in the following six weeks. Twelve of these had magnitudes of 5 or greater. The main shock was felt from Kaitaia to Invercargill and was recorded by seismometers overseas.

The earthquake damaged or destroyed 50 bridges and twisted railway track so badly that about 100km of track had to be relaid. Property damage occurred as far away as Christchurch and New Plymouth.

Brick chimneys were damaged and destroyed at distances of more than 150km from the epicentre. Some chimneys in Inangahua, Reefton, Greymouth, Westport, Murchison, and Granity crashed through roofs narrowly missing people in their beds.

Brick walls and brick veneers commonly collapsed or were severely cracked. It took several weeks to restore electricity, water supply, and telephone and road links to some areas.

The entire population of the Inangahua area — about 260 — were ordered to evacuate. Officials were worried that a large slip that had blocked the Buller River at Dublin Creek might suddenly give way and cause serious flooding downstream in Westport.

About 5pm, 12 hours after the quake struck, the Inwoods were among a group of people who were told by officials to walk out of Inangahua ”towards Reefton”.

” There were about 50 of us and three torches. We were following the railway line and gingerly crossing slips. You’d negotiate a tricky part and pass the torch back to someone else so they could see where they were going. We could feel the aftershocks and we could hear the rumble of the hill sides slipping — some people found it pretty scary.”

‘While some residents walked out, others were taken by helicopter. They were billeted in Reefton. Police and Civil Defence officials declared Inangahua a no-go area for one month, although farmers were allowed to return briefly to tend to stock.

Mrs Inwood says the people of Reefton were ”unbelievably generous” in accommodating all the evacuees at short notice. Some families stayed in Reefton for over a month while services in Inangahua were gradually restored.

” When we were ordered to evacuate, we only had the clothes we were wearing. We were not even allowed to go back to get hand luggage — some people didn’t even have their wallet or cheque book.”

Simon Nathan, a young geologist living in Greymouth at the time of the earthquake, recalls it was about six hours before scientists established where the epicentre was.

” At first it was thought the earthquake was centred in Greymouth. There was certainly a lot of damage to buildings and broken water pipes."

Later on the morning of the quake, aerial reconnaissance pointed to Inangahua as the likely epicentre. This was backed up by recordings made by the national seismograph network.

Dr Nathan says there was chaos as various official groups tried to cope with the aftermath.

” Because there hadn’t been a big earthquake for at least two decades no-one was quite sure how to react, and relationships between organisations were unclear. Emergency response is better organised these days.”

The main objective of the first geologists on site was to assess ground conditions and surface damage so that services could be restored. Geologists also wanted to find out why and how the earthquake had occurred as there were no known surface faults at the epicentre prior to the earthquake.

Geologists also found about 100 instances where farmers and residents reported abnormal behaviour in domesticated animals in the hours before the earthquake. They concluded that responses in animals may have been triggered by an as yet unknown phenomenon associated with elastic ground deformation prior to earthquakes.

Inangahua was the first earthquake in New Zealand to be studied with modern analytical techniques.

There hadn’t been a large earthquake since 1942, and a lot was learned about damage to buildings, roads, bridges and other structures. Knowledge gained at Inangahua helped significantly in improving building codes; structures are safer as a result.

In her book New Zealand Tradgedies — Earthquakes, Anna Rogers wrote: ” New Zealand was still reeling from the shock of the Wahine sinking on April 10, which had left 51 people dead. The Inangahua earthquake… mercifully took only three lives, but it caused immense physical and psychological damage that was not easily repaired.”

Cool Prototype Manufacturing Firm pictures

Cool Prototype Manufacturing Firm pictures

Check out these prototype manufacturing organization photos:

“Joaninha” (Renault four CV)

Image by pedrosimoes7
Oeiras, Portugal

in Wikipedia

The Renault 4CV is an economy vehicle created by the French manufacturer Renault from August 1947 to July 1961. As the first French automobile to sell over a million units, the 4CV was in the end superseded by the Renault Dauphine.

The 4CV was a four-door sedan of monocoque construction,[1] three.6 meters in length with rear suicide doors[three] and using Renault’s Ventoux engine in a rear-engine, rear-wheel drive layout.

The car’s name, 4CV, translates from the French for 4 cheveaux or 4 horse, especially four taxable horsepower.

To celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the debut of the 4CV, in 1996 Renault presented a totally roadworthy concept car, the Renault Fiftie, with styling that recalled the 4CV, only in a two-door, mid-engine design and style.

Conception and history

The 4CV was originally conceived and designed covertly by Renault engineers throughout the German occupation of France in the course of Planet War II, when the manufacturer was under strict orders to design and create only industrial and military vehicles. A design group led by Fernand Picard, Charles-Edmond Serre and Jean-Auguste Riolfo envisioned a tiny, economical automobile appropriate for the economically tough years which would inevitably stick to the war.

The first prototype was completed in 1942 and two a lot more prototypes had been developed in the following 3 years. Pierre Lefaucheux tested the four CV prototype at Renault’s Herqueville estate.[four] The 4CV was ultimately presented to the public and media at the 1946 Paris Motor Show. The cars went on sale a year later.

In 1940 Louis Renault had directed his engineering team to &quotmake him a car like the Germans&quot. And until the arrangement was simplified in 1954, the 4CV featured a ‘dummy’ grill comprising six thin horizontal chrome strips, intended to distract focus from the similarity of the car’s all round architecture to that of the German Volkswagen,[1] whilst recalling the modern day designs of the fashionable front engined passenger vehicles produced in Detroit throughout the earlier 1940s.

An essential portion of the 4CV’s achievement, owes to the new methodologies employed in its manufacture, pioneered by Pierre Bézier. Bézier had begun his 42 year tenure at Renault as a Tool Setter, moving up to Tool Designer and then becoming head of the Tool Style Office. As Director of Production Engineering in 1949, he developed the transfer lines (or transfer machines) making most of the mechanical components for the 4CV.[5] The transfer machines were higher-functionality function tools designed to machine engine blocks. Even though imprisoned for the duration of WWII, Bézier created and enhanced on the automatic machine principle, introduced before the war by GM (Basic Motors). The new transfer station with several workstations and electromagnetic heads (antecedants to robots), enabled different operations on a single component to be consecutively performed by transferring the part from one particular station to another.

On the 4CV’s launch, it was nicknamed &quotLa motte de beurre&quot(the lump of butter) — due to the combination of its shape and the truth that early deliveries all utilized surplus paint from the German Army autos of Rommel’s Afrika-Corps, in a sand-yellow colour.[1] The 4CV was initially powered by a 760cc rear mounted four-cylinder engine coupled to a three-speed manual transmission. [7] In 1950 the 760cc unit was replaced by a 747cc version [7] of the &quotVentoux&quot engine creating 17 hp (13 kW).

In spite of an initial period of uncertainty and poor sales due to the ravaged state of the French economy, the 4CV had sold 37,000 units by mid-1949 and was the most well-known vehicle in France. The auto remained in production for much more than a decade afterwards. Claimed power output elevated subsequently to 21 hp (16 kW) as increased fuel octanes allowed for larger compression ratios, which along with the comparatively low weight of the vehicle (620 kg) enabled the companies to report an – 90 km/h (56 mph) time of 38 seconds and a prime speed barely beneath one hundred km/h (62 mph).[1] The engine was notable also for its elasticity, the second and prime gear both becoming usable for speeds between five km/h (three mph) and 100 km/h (62 mph): the absence of synchromesh on first gear would presumably have discouraged use of the bottom gear except when beginning from rest.

The rear mounting of the engine meant that the steering could be highly geared even though remaining reasonably light: in the early vehicles only 2¼ turns had been required from lock to lock.[1] The unusually direct steering no doubt delighted some keen drivers, but road tests of the time nonetheless included warnings to take great care with the car’s handling on wet roads.[1] In due course the makers switched from 1 intense to the other, and on later vehicles 4½ turns had been needed to turn the steering wheel from lock to lock.

The 4CV’s direct replacement was the Dauphine, launched in 1956, but the 4CV in fact remained in production until 1961. The 4CV was replaced by the Renault 4 which utilised the identical engine as the 4CV and sold for a similar cost.
Although most of the vehicles had been assembled at Renault’s Île Seguin plant located on an island in the river opposite Billancourt, the 4CV was also assembled in seven other countries, becoming Australia, Belgium, England, Ireland, Japan (where the Hino assembled examples gained a reputation for superior quality[1]), Spain and South Africa.[1] 1,105,543 vehicles were made the 4CV became the very first French vehicle to sell over a million.

The 4CV was easily modified and was utilized extensively as a racing auto. The 1st collaboration in between the Alpine business and Renault was the Alpine A-106 which was based on the 4CV. The partnership which would go on to win the Planet Rally Championship with the legendary Alpine A-110 in later years,

Renault four CV

Image by pedrosimoes7
Belem, Lisbon, Portugal

in Wikipedia

The Renault 4CV is an economy vehicle developed by the French manufacturer Renault from August 1947 to July 1961. As the very first French automobile to sell over a million units, the 4CV was eventually superseded by the Renault Dauphine.

The 4CV was a four-door sedan of monocoque construction,[1] 3.6 meters in length with rear suicide doors[3] and using Renault’s Ventoux engine in a rear-engine, rear-wheel drive layout.

The car’s name, 4CV, translates from the French for 4 cheveaux or 4 horse, particularly 4 taxable horsepower.

To celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the debut of the 4CV, in 1996 Renault presented a totally roadworthy idea automobile, the Renault Fiftie, with styling that recalled the 4CV, only in a two-door, mid-engine style.

Conception and history

The 4CV was initially conceived and created covertly by Renault engineers for the duration of the German occupation of France for the duration of Planet War II, when the manufacturer was beneath strict orders to design and style and produce only commercial and military cars. A design and style team led by Fernand Picard, Charles-Edmond Serre and Jean-Auguste Riolfo envisioned a little, economical car appropriate for the economically difficult years which would inevitably adhere to the war.

The initial prototype was completed in 1942 and two far more prototypes had been created in the following three years. Pierre Lefaucheux tested the four CV prototype at Renault’s Herqueville estate.[4] The 4CV was ultimately presented to the public and media at the 1946 Paris Motor Show. The automobiles went on sale a year later.

In 1940 Louis Renault had directed his engineering team to &quotmake him a vehicle like the Germans&quot. And until the arrangement was simplified in 1954, the 4CV featured a ‘dummy’ grill comprising six thin horizontal chrome strips, intended to distract interest from the similarity of the car’s overall architecture to that of the German Volkswagen,[1] whilst recalling the modern designs of the fashionable front engined passenger vehicles developed in Detroit in the course of the earlier 1940s.

An important component of the 4CV’s accomplishment, owes to the new methodologies utilized in its manufacture, pioneered by Pierre Bézier. Bézier had begun his 42 year tenure at Renault as a Tool Setter, moving up to Tool Designer and then becoming head of the Tool Design and style Office. As Director of Production Engineering in 1949, he designed the transfer lines (or transfer machines) creating most of the mechanical components for the 4CV.[5] The transfer machines had been high-efficiency function tools developed to machine engine blocks. Although imprisoned throughout WWII, Bézier developed and enhanced on the automatic machine principle, introduced ahead of the war by GM (Common Motors). The new transfer station with numerous workstations and electromagnetic heads (antecedants to robots), enabled various operations on a single element to be consecutively performed by transferring the part from one particular station to one more.

On the 4CV’s launch, it was nicknamed &quotLa motte de beurre&quot(the lump of butter) — due to the mixture of its shape and the reality that early deliveries all utilised surplus paint from the German Army automobiles of Rommel’s Afrika-Corps, in a sand-yellow color.[1] The 4CV was initially powered by a 760cc rear mounted 4-cylinder engine coupled to a three-speed manual transmission. [7] In 1950 the 760cc unit was replaced by a 747cc version [7] of the &quotVentoux&quot engine creating 17 hp (13 kW).

Despite an initial period of uncertainty and poor sales due to the ravaged state of the French economy, the 4CV had sold 37,000 units by mid-1949 and was the most well-liked car in France. The auto remained in production for more than a decade afterwards. Claimed energy output improved subsequently to 21 hp (16 kW) as enhanced fuel octanes allowed for higher compression ratios, which along with the comparatively low weight of the auto (620 kg) enabled the producers to report an – 90 km/h (56 mph) time of 38 seconds and a prime speed barely under 100 km/h (62 mph).[1] The engine was notable also for its elasticity, the second and best gear each being usable for speeds in between 5 km/h (three mph) and 100 km/h (62 mph): the absence of synchromesh on first gear would presumably have discouraged use of the bottom gear except when starting from rest.

The rear mounting of the engine meant that the steering could be very geared while remaining comparatively light: in the early automobiles only 2¼ turns have been needed from lock to lock.[1] The unusually direct steering no doubt delighted some keen drivers, but road tests of the time nonetheless integrated warnings to take wonderful care with the car’s handling on wet roads.[1] In due course the makers switched from 1 intense to the other, and on later vehicles 4½ turns were necessary to turn the steering wheel from lock to lock.

The 4CV’s direct replacement was the Dauphine, launched in 1956, but the 4CV in truth remained in production till 1961. The 4CV was replaced by the Renault 4 which utilized the identical engine as the 4CV and sold for a related value.
Although most of the cars were assembled at Renault’s Île Seguin plant positioned on an island in the river opposite Billancourt, the 4CV was also assembled in seven other countries, becoming Australia, Belgium, England, Ireland, Japan (where the Hino assembled examples gained a reputation for superior good quality[1]), Spain and South Africa.[1] 1,105,543 cars have been created the 4CV became the first French automobile to sell over a million.

The 4CV was effortlessly modified and was employed extensively as a racing vehicle. The very first collaboration amongst the Alpine organization and Renault was the Alpine A-106 which was primarily based on the 4CV. The partnership which would go on to win the Globe Rally Championship with the legendary Alpine A-110 in later years,

Nice Electrical Discharge Wire Cutting pictures

Nice Electrical Discharge Wire Cutting pictures

Some cool electrical discharge wire cutting photos:

Image from web page 158 of “Workout routines in sensible physiology” (1897)

Image by Internet Archive Book Images
Identifier: exercisesinpract00wall
Title: Workout routines in sensible physiology
Year: 1897 (1890s)
Authors: Waller, Augustus Désiré, 1856-1922
Subjects: Physiology Biochemistry
Publisher: London New York, N.Y. Bombay : Longmans, Green, and Co.
Contributing Library: Columbia University Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Information Commons

View Book Web page: Book Viewer
About This Book: Catalog Entry
View All Pictures: All Pictures From Book

Click right here to view book on-line to see this illustration in context in a browseable on-line version of this book.

Text Appearing Before Image:
Fig. 27. and zinc of a Daniell cell, and discharged when connected bya sufficient conductor. Either the charge or the dischargemay be produced by way of a nerve. Connect the middle pair of pools of a commutator withoutcross wires to the terminals of a condenser, connect thetwo lateral pairs with a cell and with the nerve of a nerve-muscle preparation as m fig. 27. With the cradle of the commutator as shown in thediagram, the condenser is connected with the cell andcharged. When the cradle is turned more than, the chargedcondenser is disconnected from the cell and connected withthe nerve via which it is discharged, provoking asingle twitch of the attached muscle. IN THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE NERVOUS Method. 29 Minimum energy of stimulus. Dem. With stimulation by the discharge (or charge) of a con-denser we can express in terms of power the worth of theelectrical stimulus. JV^0T3P. kcv

Text Appearing Right after Image:
Fig. 28. Charge from + by means of b ce ejp pto — when get in touch with is produced at 6 by depres-sing the Morse essential (and broken at a) viz., ascending in the nerve. Discharge from p through e ec a to p when make contact with is produced at a by recoil ofthe Morse crucial (and broken at b) viz., descending in the nerve. The bridging crucial is for the purpose of cutting out from the nerve either thecharge or the discharge. If desired this could be effected with out the bridgingkey by the circuits 1 and two of fig. 29, substituting the thrilling electrodes e e forthe galvonometer SN. Put up connections in accordance with fig. 28, employing acondenser of 010 microfarad, subdivided into components = 001. Figure out by adjustment of the rheostats r, E, the smallestfraction of a volt that will excite the nerve of a nerve-musclepreparation : — (A) with the condenser at OlO microfarad (B) with the condenser at *01 microfarad and calculate in the two instances the quantity and the energy ofsuch a minimal electrical stimulus. (C) with a conveni

Note About Photos
Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page photos that could have been digitally enhanced for readability – coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not completely resemble the original function.

Image from web page 847 of “Modern day mechanism, exhibiting the latest progress in machines, motors, and the transmission of energy, being a supplementary volume to Appletons’ cyclopaedia of applied mechanics” (1892)

Image by Net Archive Book Pictures
Identifier: modernmechanisme00benj
Title: Modern day mechanism, exhibiting the most recent progress in machines, motors, and the transmission of energy, getting a supplementary volume to Appletons’ cyclopaedia of applied mechanics
Year: 1892 (1890s)
Authors: Benjamin, Park, 1849-1922
Subjects: Mechanical engineering
Publisher: New York, D. Appleton
Contributing Library: Mugar Memorial Library, Boston University
Digitizing Sponsor: Boston University

View Book Web page: Book Viewer
About This Book: Catalog Entry
View All Photos: All Photos From Book

Click right here to view book online to see this illustration in context in a browseable on the web version of this book.

Text Appearing Ahead of Image:
d stroke, it is apparent that if the feed wheel is run down against it in the positionshown in the engraving, the pusher will be provided its full traverse and the greatest feed. Ifrun back to clear the travel of the agitator, the pusher will, of course, have no motion and thefeed will stop. Amongst these extremes any preferred rate of feed can be offered. In like manner, the rock of the grate bars can be adjusted amongst any limiting angles,and over a variety of motion from no movement to complete throw, by means of the sheath nut andjam nuts on the connecting rod. By these adjustments the whole action of the stoker iscontrolled, and the fires forced, checked, or banked at will. Stone Breaker : see Ore-crushing Machines. ST0R.4.(tE batteries. The storage, secondary or reversible battery, and accumu-lator are diverse terms applied to a kind of cell primarily based on the principle demonstrated byFaraday in 1834, that chemical and electrical energy had been mutually convertible. In 1859, 816 STORAGE BATTERIES.

Text Appearing Right after Image:
after experiments with a variety of metals, Plante decided upon the use of lead plates in dilutesulphuric acid, since in discharge each plates have been active that is, not only did the per-oxide of lead plate combine witli hydrogen, but the lowered metallic lead combined withoxygen. Plauies cell was initially constructed with two plates of sheet lead, separated bygutta-percha strips, one sheet bcinglaid more than the other, with two gutta-percha strips betweenthem, and two far more laid on the upper sheet, as shown at A, Fig. 1. They were then rolled with each other and clamped, as shown at B, a strip of leail becoming left attached to the corner of each sheet in cutting, bywhich connection could i)e made. The sheets thusrolled togetlier had been ])hiced in a jar of glass or ebonite,containing a ten per cent, remedy of sulphuric acid.The jar had an ebonite cover, with binding screws towhich the connecting strips had been attached alsoclamps for holding wires to show the heating effectof the discharge. The electr

Note About Pictures
Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that might have been digitally enhanced for readability – coloration and look of these illustrations may possibly not completely resemble the original work.

Cool 3d Printing Organization pictures

Cool 3d Printing Organization pictures

Check out these 3d printing firm images:

Ratchet Wrench printed on ISS

Image by NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center
The ratchet wrench was developed by Noah Paul-Gin, an engineer at Created In Space Inc., a northern California firm that NASA contracted to design, build and operate the printer. Paul-Gin designed a three-D model of the ratchet and created a number of wrenches, such as the one shown here on an identical printer.

Study far more about 3-D Printing In Zero-G:
www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/investigation/news/3Dratchet_wrench/

_____________________________________________
These official NASA photographs are becoming made obtainable for publication by news organizations and/or for private use printing by the subject(s) of the photographs. The photographs may not be utilised in supplies, advertisements, products, or promotions that in any way recommend approval or endorsement by NASA. All Images utilised must be credited. For info on usage rights please check out: www.nasa.gov/audience/formedia/functions/MP_Photo_Guidelin…