Turning

Some cool turning parts manufacturer pictures:

Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center: south hangar panorama, like Grumman G-22 “Gulfhawk II”, Boeing 367-80 (707) Jet Transport, Air France Concorde amongst other people

Image by Chris Devers
Quoting Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum | Grumman G-22 &quotGulfhawk II&quot:

A single of the most exciting aerobatic aircraft of the 1930s and ’40s, the Grumman Gulfhawk II was constructed for retired naval aviator and air show pilot Al Williams. As head of the Gulf Oil Company’s aviation division, Williams flew in military and civilian air shows around the nation, performing precision aerobatics and dive-bombing maneuvers to promote military aviation in the course of the interwar years.

The sturdy civilian biplane, with its powerful aluminum monocoque fuselage and Wright Cyclone engine, practically matched the Grumman F3F standard Navy fighter, which was operational at the time. It took its orange paint scheme from Williams’ Curtiss 1A Gulfhawk, also in the Smithsonian’s collection. Williams personally piloted the Gulfhawk II on its last flight in 1948 to Washington’s National Airport.

Present of Gulf Oil Corporation

Manufacturer:
Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation

Date:
1936

Nation of Origin:
United States of America

Dimensions:
Wingspan: eight.7 m (28 ft 7 in)
Length: 7 m (23 ft)
Height: three.1 m (10 ft)
Weight, aerobatic: 1,625 kg (3,583 lb)
Weight, gross: 1,903 kg (4,195 lb)
Prime speed: 467 km/h (290 mph)
Engine: Wright Cyclone R-1820-G1, 1,000 hp

Components:
Fuselage: steel tube with aluminum alloy
Wings: aluminum spars and ribs with fabric cover

Physical Description:
NR1050. Aerobatic biplane flown by Main Alford &quotAl&quot Williams as demonstration aircraft for Gulf Oil Business. Related to Grumman F3F single-seat fighter aircraft flown by the U.S. Navy. Wright Cyclone R-1820-G1 engine, 1000 hp.

• • • • •

Quoting Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum | Boeing 367-80 Jet Transport:

On July 15, 1954, a graceful, swept-winged aircraft, bedecked in brown and yellow paint and powered by four revolutionary new engines initial took to the sky above Seattle. Constructed by the Boeing Aircraft Firm, the 367-80, greater recognized as the Dash 80, would come to revolutionize commercial air transportation when its developed version entered service as the renowned Boeing 707, America’s initial jet airliner.

In the early 1950s, Boeing had begun to study the possibility of making a jet-powered military transport and tanker to complement the new generation of Boeing jet bombers entering service with the U.S. Air Force. When the Air Force showed no interest, Boeing invested million of its personal capital to develop a prototype jet transport in a daring gamble that the airlines and the Air Force would buy it as soon as the aircraft had flown and established itself. As Boeing had completed with the B-17, it risked the firm on one roll of the dice and won.

Boeing engineers had initially based the jet transport on research of enhanced styles of the Model 367, much better known to the public as the C-97 piston-engined transport and aerial tanker. By the time Boeing progressed to the 80th iteration, the design and style bore no resemblance to the C-97 but, for security causes, Boeing decided to let the jet project be known as the 367-80.

Perform proceeded rapidly following the formal start of the project on May 20, 1952. The 367-80 mated a massive cabin primarily based on the dimensions of the C-97 with the 35-degree swept-wing style primarily based on the wings of the B-47 and B-52 but considerably stiffer and incorporating a pronounced dihedral. The wings had been mounted low on the fuselage and incorporated high-speed and low-speed ailerons as properly as a sophisticated flap and spoiler system. 4 Pratt &amp Whitney JT3 turbojet engines, every single creating ten,000 pounds of thrust, were mounted on struts beneath the wings.

Upon the Dash 80’s initial flight on July 15, 1954, (the 34th anniversary of the founding of the Boeing Organization) Boeing clearly had a winner. Flying 100 miles per hour more rapidly than the de Havilland Comet and considerably bigger, the new Boeing had a maximum variety of far more than 3,500 miles. As hoped, the Air Force purchased 29 examples of the style as a tanker/transport following they convinced Boeing to widen the design and style by 12 inches. Happy, the Air Force designated it the KC-135A. A total of 732 KC-135s were constructed.

Rapidly Boeing turned its focus to selling the airline industry on this new jet transport. Clearly the sector was impressed with the capabilities of the prototype 707 but by no means much more so than at the Gold Cup hydroplane races held on Lake Washington in Seattle, in August 1955. For the duration of the festivities surrounding this event, Boeing had gathered many airline representatives to appreciate the competition and witness a fly past of the new Dash 80. To the audience’s intense delight and Boeing’s profound shock, test pilot Alvin &quotTex&quot Johnston barrel-rolled the Dash 80 more than the lake in full view of thousands of astonished spectators. Johnston vividly displayed the superior strength and performance of this new jet, readily convincing the airline business to purchase this new airliner.

In looking for a industry, Boeing found a prepared customer in Pan American Airway’s president Juan Trippe. Trippe had been spending significantly of his time browsing for a suitable jet airliner to enable his pioneering business to keep its leadership in international air travel. Operating with Boeing, Trippe overcame Boeing’s resistance to widening the Dash-80 design and style, now known as the 707, to seat six passengers in every seat row rather than five. Trippe did so by putting an order with Boeing for 20 707s but also ordering 25 of Douglas’s competing DC-eight, which had yet to fly but could accommodate six-abreast seating. At Pan Am’s insistence, the 707 was produced 4 inches wider than the Dash 80 so that it could carry 160 passengers six-abreast. The wider fuselage developed for the 707 became the common design and style for all of Boeing’s subsequent narrow-physique airliners.

Despite the fact that the British de Havilland D.H. 106 Comet and the Soviet Tupolev Tu-104 entered service earlier, the Boeing 707 and Douglas DC-eight were bigger, more rapidly, had higher variety, and have been much more profitable to fly. In October 1958 Pan American ushered the jet age into the United States when it opened international service with the Boeing 707 in October 1958. National Airlines inaugurated domestic jet service two months later employing a 707-120 borrowed from Pan Am. American Airlines flew the first domestic 707 jet service with its own aircraft in January 1959. American set a new speed mark when it opened the first routinely-scheduled transcontinental jet service in 1959. Subsequent nonstop flights among New York and San Francisco took only 5 hours – three hours much less than by the piston-engine DC-7. The 1-way fare, such as a surcharge for jet service, was 5.50, or 1 round trip. The flight was almost 40 % faster and practically 25 percent cheaper than flying by piston-engine airliners. The consequent surge of visitors demand was substantial.

The 707 was initially designed for transcontinental or a single-quit transatlantic range. But modified with added fuel tanks and more effective turbofan engines, the 707-300 Intercontinental series aircraft could fly nonstop across the Atlantic with complete payload beneath any conditions. Boeing constructed 855 707s, of which 725 were bought by airlines worldwide.

Possessing launched the Boeing Company into the commercial jet age, the Dash 80 soldiered on as a hugely effective experimental aircraft. Till its retirement in 1972, the Dash 80 tested many sophisticated systems, many of which were incorporated into later generations of jet transports. At one particular point, the Dash 80 carried three various engine kinds in its 4 nacelles. Serving as a test bed for the new 727, the Dash 80 was briefly equipped with a fifth engine mounted on the rear fuselage. Engineers also modified the wing in planform and contour to study the effects of various airfoil shapes. Numerous flap configurations have been also fitted like a highly sophisticated method of &quotblown&quot flaps which redirected engine exhaust over the flaps to increase lift at low speeds. Fin height and horizontal stabilizer width was later increased and at 1 point, a specific a number of wheel low pressure landing gear was fitted to test the feasibility of operating future heavy military transports from unprepared landing fields.

Right after a extended and distinguished profession, the Boeing 367-80 was lastly retired and donated to the Smithsonian in 1972. At present, the aircraft is installated at the National Air and Space Museum’s new facility at Washington Dulles International Airport.

Present of the Boeing Firm

Manufacturer:
Boeing Aircraft Co.

Date:
1954

Nation of Origin:
United States of America

Dimensions:
Height 19′ 2&quot: Length 73′ 10&quot: Wing Span 129′ 8&quot: Weight 33,279 lbs.

Physical Description:
Prototype Boeing 707 yellow and brown.

• • • • •

Quoting Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum | Concorde, Fox Alpha, Air France:

The 1st supersonic airliner to enter service, the Concorde flew thousands of passengers across the Atlantic at twice the speed of sound for over 25 years. Made and built by Aérospatiale of France and the British Aviation Corporation, the graceful Concorde was a spectacular technological achievement that could not overcome severe financial issues.

In 1976 Air France and British Airways jointly inaugurated Concorde service to destinations about the globe. Carrying up to 100 passengers in fantastic comfort, the Concorde catered to 1st class passengers for whom speed was crucial. It could cross the Atlantic in fewer than four hours – half the time of a conventional jet airliner. Nonetheless its higher operating fees resulted in very higher fares that restricted the quantity of passengers who could afford to fly it. These issues and a shrinking market sooner or later forced the reduction of service till all Concordes have been retired in 2003.

In 1989, Air France signed a letter of agreement to donate a Concorde to the National Air and Space Museum upon the aircraft’s retirement. On June 12, 2003, Air France honored that agreement, donating Concorde F-BVFA to the Museum upon the completion of its final flight. This aircraft was the very first Air France Concorde to open service to Rio de Janeiro, Washington, D.C., and New York and had flown 17,824 hours.

Gift of Air France.

Manufacturer:
Societe Nationale Industrielle Aerospatiale
British Aircraft Corporation

Dimensions:
Wingspan: 25.56 m (83 ft 10 in)
Length: 61.66 m (202 ft 3 in)
Height: 11.3 m (37 ft 1 in)
Weight, empty: 79,265 kg (174,750 lb)
Weight, gross: 181,435 kg (400,000 lb)
Prime speed: 2,179 km/h (1350 mph)
Engine: Four Rolls-Royce/SNECMA Olympus 593 Mk 602, 17,259 kg (38,050 lb) thrust each
Manufacturer: Société Nationale Industrielle Aérospatiale, Paris, France, and British Aircraft Corporation, London, United Kingdom

Physical Description:
Aircaft Serial Quantity: 205. Including 4 (4) engines, bearing respectively the serial number: CBE066, CBE062, CBE086 and CBE085.
Also incorporated, aircraft plaque: &quotAIR FRANCE Lorsque viendra le jour d’exposer Concorde dans un musee, la Smithsonian Institution a dores et deja choisi, pour le Musee de l’Air et de l’Espace de Washington, un appariel portant le couleurs d’Air France.&quot

1646 M Alfa 1910 MiNr 718

Image by Morton1905
Alfa Romeo Automobiles S.p.A. occasionally colloquially referred to as just Alfa, is an Italian manufacturer of automobiles. Founded as A.L.F.A. (Anonima Lombarda Fabbrica Automobili) on June 24, 1910, in Milan, the company has been involved in auto racing because 1911, and has a reputation for building costly sports vehicles.The business was owned by Italian state holding business Istituto per la Ricostruzione Industriale among 1932 and 1986, when it became a element of the Fiat Group,[4] and considering that February 2007 a element of Fiat Group Automobiles S.p.A.
The organization that became Alfa Romeo was founded as Società Anonima Italiana Darracq (Stated) in 1906 by the French automobile firm of Alexandre Darracq, with some Italian investors. In the late 1909, the Italian Darracq vehicles have been selling slowly and a new company was founded named A.L.F.A. (Anonima Lombarda Fabbrica Automobili, English: Lombard Automobile Factory, Public Company), initially still in partnership with Darracq. The initial non-Darracq car developed by the business was the 1910 24 HP, created by Giuseppe Merosi. A.L.F.A. ventured into motor racing, with drivers Franchini and Ronzoni competing in the 1911 Targa Florio with two 24 HP models. In August 1915 the firm came under the path of Neapolitan entrepreneur Nicola Romeo, who converted the factory to make military hardware for the Italian and Allied war efforts. In 1920, the name of the organization was changed to Alfa Romeo with the Torpedo 20-30 HP becoming the first vehicle to be badged as such.
In 1928 Nicola Romeo left, with Alfa going broke soon after defense contracts ended, and at the finish of 1932 Alfa Romeo was rescued by Benito Mussolini’s government, which then had powerful manage. The Alfa factory struggled to return to profitability soon after the Second Planet War, and turned to mass-making modest cars rather than hand-constructing luxury models. In 1954 the business developed the classic Alfa Romeo Twin Cam engine, which would remain in production until 1998.[citation needed] During the 1960s and 1970s Alfa Romeo developed a quantity of sporty vehicles, although the Italian government parent company, Finmeccanica, struggled to make a profit so sold the marque to the Fiat Group in 1986.
Alfa Romeo has competed successfully in several various categories of motorsport, like Grand Prix motor racing, Formula One, sportscar racing, touring vehicle racing and rallies. They have competed both as a constructor and an engine supplier, by means of performs entries (generally below the name Alfa Corse or Autodelta) and private entries. The first racing auto was produced in 1913, three years after the foundation of the business, and Alfa Romeo won the inaugural world championship for Grand Prix vehicles in 1925. The organization gained a excellent name in motorsport, which gave a sporty image to the entire marque. Enzo Ferrari founded the Scuderia Ferrari racing group in 1929 as an Alfa Romeo racing group, before becoming independent in 1939.